Multiplication as Repeated Addition
Understanding Multiplication as Repeated Addition
Learning Standards
Content Standard
The learner demonstrates understanding of basic multiplication and division concepts
Performance Standard
The learner is able to apply multiplication and division in mathematical problems and real-life situations
Learning Competency
Visualize and represent multiplication as repeated addition
Code: M3NS-IIa-28.1
Complete Lesson Plan
Learning Objectives
- •
Understand multiplication as repeated addition
- •
Use arrays and groups to represent multiplication
- •
Write multiplication sentences
- •
Solve simple multiplication problems using repeated addition
Lesson Procedures
motivation
Show picture: 3 plates with 4 cookies each. Ask: 'How many cookies in all? How can we count them quickly?'
presentation
- •
Count the cookies: 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
- •
Explain: Instead of writing 4 + 4 + 4, we can write 3 × 4 = 12
- •
Read as: 'Three times four equals twelve' or 'Three groups of four equals twelve'
- •
Demonstrate with counters: Make 3 groups of 4 counters each
- •
Show different representations:
- Repeated addition: 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
- Multiplication: 3 × 4 = 12
- Array: 3 rows of 4 = 12
- •
Introduce the parts:
- 3 is the number of groups (first factor)
- 4 is the number in each group (second factor)
- 12 is the product (total)
generalization
Ask:
- What is multiplication?
- How is multiplication related to addition?
- When is it easier to use multiplication instead of addition?
guided practice
- •
Create multiplication sentences together:
- 5 bags with 2 apples each = 5 × 2 = 10
- 4 boxes with 3 pencils each = 4 × 3 = 12
- •
Draw arrays on the board:
- 2 rows of 5 dots = 2 × 5 = 10
- •
Practice writing: Repeated addition → Multiplication
- 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = ____ → 4 × 6 = 24
independent practice
- •
Activity 1: Complete the table
Repeated Addition | Multiplication | Product 6 + 6 + 6 | 3 × 6 | ? 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 | ? | ?
- •
Activity 2: Draw an array for:
- 4 × 3
- 2 × 5
- •
Activity 3: Write the multiplication sentence
- 🍎🍎🍎 🍎🍎🍎 🍎🍎🍎 = ______
preliminary activities
- •
Prayer and greetings
- •
Review of skip counting by 2s, 5s, 10s
- •
Mental math drill: Addition facts
Assessment
answers
- 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
- 5 × 4 = 20
- (Array with 3 rows and 4 columns)
- 12
- 4 × 5 = 20 flowers
evaluation
- •
Solve:
- Write as repeated addition: 5 × 3 = ________
- Write as multiplication: 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = ____
- Draw an array for 3 × 4
- 6 × 2 = ____
- There are 4 vases with 5 flowers each. How many flowers in all?
Materials & Resources
- •
Counters or bottle caps
- •
Grid paper
- •
Picture cards
- •
Flashcards
- •
Manila paper and markers
- •
Student activity sheets
assignment
Homework:
- Create 5 multiplication sentences using objects at home
- Draw arrays for: 2×6, 3×3, 4×5
- Practice multiplication facts (2s and 5s)
Remarks:
- Encourage use of manipulatives for visualization
- Observe students who need help with the concept of equal groups
subject matter
Topic: Multiplication as Repeated Addition
Key Concepts:
- Multiplication is a short way to add equal groups
- Factors are the numbers being multiplied
- Product is the answer in multiplication
- Arrays show multiplication (rows × columns)
- Multiplication sentence: 3 × 4 = 12 means '3 groups of 4'
Materials:
- Counters or bottle caps
- Grid paper for arrays
- Picture cards with groups of objects
- Flashcards
- Manila paper